Jaw Surgery

The term oral, dental and maxillofacial diseases and surgery encompasses a specialized field in dentistry and constitutes a field of study that recognizes and defines diseases in the mouth, teeth and jaw structures and their surrounding tissues, and includes medical-surgical treatments. Surgical operations involving all kinds of soft and hard tissues should be performed by specialist physicians.

• Tooth extraction
• Wisdom tooth extraction
• Extraction of impacted teeth
• Treatment of tumors and tumor-like lesions of the mouth and surrounding tissues
• Treatment of cysts in the chin and surrounding tissues
• Treatment of odontogenic infections (inflammation of dental origin)
• Preparing the mouth for prosthesis as a result of preprosthetic (pre-prosthetic) surgical applications
• Superficial lesion treatments of soft tissues in the mouth
• Endodontic surgery

Tooth Extraction
Why are teeth pulled?

• Teeth that cannot be saved by treatment due to severe caries and material loss.
• Teeth that are broken as a result of impact, irreversibly.
• Abscessed teeth that could not be saved despite root canal treatment.
• Sagging teeth due to advanced gingivitis.
• Milk teeth that do not fall out on time.
• Troubled teeth due to excessive position change (rotation, tipping, etc.).
• Teeth in a cyst or tumor.
• Incompletely erupted (impacted) and problematic teeth.
• Due to the lack of space, some teeth can be extracted to assist orthodontic treatment, even though they are uneventful.

What are the things to do before shooting?
If there is a drug (for example, antibiotics) recommended by your doctor, you should use it regularly by following the hours. If you have a disease or allergy, and you also have medications that you use constantly for this reason, you should definitely tell your doctor. Aspirin-type drugs that delay clotting should not be used before extraction. If possible, the teeth should be brushed well and rinsed with water with an antiseptic. Thus, it is good to reduce bacteria in the mouth and reduce the risk of infection.

What should be considered after tooth extraction?
• The tampon placed on the extraction wound should be kept for half an hour.
• After this buffer is thrown away, buffer should not be put back if it is not needed, and care should be taken not to spoil the clot formed.
• Mouth should not be rinsed with water.
• After the shooting, nothing should be eaten for two hours, after this period, warm things should be preferred and very hot or cold foods should be avoided.
• No smoking for 24 hours. Smoking can cause the clot to break down and the wound site to become inflamed. This condition, called dry socket, causes pain for a long time.
• Alcohol should not be consumed for 24 hours.
• The extraction site should not be touched in any way, the wound area should not be sucked and spit out.
• The injured area should not be used for 24 hours.
• If there is pain, a drug other than aspirin should be preferred, and a physician should be consulted if possible.
• The shooting area must be kept clean. Food residue filling into the wound should be prevented. 24 hours after extraction, the area should be brushed gently with a soft toothbrush. A warm salt water gargle can also be used at this time.
• It is considered normal for bleeding to last 6-24 hours in case of a slight leakage. However, if there is excessive bleeding or if this period has been exceeded, a dentist should be consulted.
• Likewise, in cases of prolonged pain and swelling, the physician should be informed.

In case of bleeding that continues in the form of leakage, a soaked tea bag can be wrapped in gauze and placed on the wound. Buffering in this way for a while may be beneficial because of the blood-stopping properties of some of the ingredients in the tea.

What Does an Impacted Tooth Mean?
Teeth that cannot take their place in the mouth for various reasons even though it is time to erupt are called "impacted teeth". Third molars (also known as wisdom teeth or wisdom teeth) are among the most common impacted teeth. If there is no room in the mouth for the third molars to erupt and the person has not yet erupted even though they are 25 years old, they are considered as "impacted".

What is an impacted tooth, is it necessary to extract it?
In cases where the jawbone around the tooth is very dense or the gingiva is too thick, if the tooth cannot find a place to erupt due to the narrow jaw arch, teeth that have not erupted as a result of early loss of milk teeth or due to some diseases and remain in the bone under the gingiva are called impacted teeth. If these teeth cause abscesses, cause pain, if the size and position of the tooth cause thinning of the bone enough to carry the risk of jaw fracture, if they are associated with a tumor or cyst and cause decay in the adjacent tooth, they should be extracted.

Apical resection
It is an operation performed in cases where root canal treatment cannot be performed to remove the infections that develop at the root tips of the teeth, to clean the inflamed root tip and the surrounding tissues where the inflammation spreads.

Situations in which Apical Resection Operation is Performed:

• Incomplete root canal treatment due to structural or deformity of the tooth root,
• Incomplete root canal treatment due to structural or deformity of the tooth root,
• Inability to perform root canal treatment due to the presence of an unremovable restoration on the tooth,
• If the instrument is broken during Root Canal Treatment, if the broken instrument must be removed, in order to remove the instrument,
• In cases where the patient's pain persists despite the root canal treatment,
• In cases where a cyst occurs at the root of the tooth,
• In cases where the 1/3 end of the tooth root is broken in the bone.

Preprosthetic Surgery Procedures
These are surgical procedures performed to improve the soft and hard tissues before the prosthesis is made. These are;

Indentations and protrusions on the jawbone (These are during the use of removable prostheses
constantly causes stab wounds) to be corrected
Removal of torus (developmental bone growths, ie lobular bone protrusions)
Frenectomy (removal of tongue and lip ties)
Removal of formations (prosthesis margin tumor, irritation fibroma) due to the irritation of the prosthesis edges to the mucosa
It includes the removal of mobile tissues (arrangement of mobile crests) on the jawbone with bone resorption as a result of unbalanced transmission of chewing pressures to the bone in patients who have been using the same prosthesis for many years with tooth loss at an early age.

Frenectomy
The lip ligaments (frenum) attached to the top of the jawbone cause the margins of the prosthesis to be shorter than it should be in edentulous patients, which leads to a decrease in prosthesis retention. In dental patients, this lip tie (frenum) causes a gap (diastema) between two teeth. Tongue tie (frenum) may be short, restricting tongue movements and negatively affecting speech. For this reason, tongue and lip ties should be surgically removed when they cause functional and aesthetic problems.

Biopsy
It is the process of taking a piece from that area in order to examine the histopathological features of the formation or lesions occurring in the mouth and to make a diagnosis.

In which cases should a biopsy be taken?
• Lesions lasting longer than 3 weeks without any reason
• Inflammatory lesions that persist for 10-14 days or longer after removing local irritation factors and after applying local treatment
• Persistent hyperkeratotic (white colored) lesions in the surface tissues
• Tumoral growths in the tissue that can be seen or felt on palpation
• Inflammatory changes that continue for a long time and whose cause is unknown
• Lesions that prevent local functions (chewing, speaking, etc.)
• Bone lesions that cannot be diagnosed clinically and radiologically
• Lesions that raise suspicion of malignancy